Victorian Architecture
The Arts
During
the Victorian age, traditional British styles were used in the
production of building. There were a variety of Victorian styles during
this period. The styles included mock-Gothic, Tudor, classical, rococo,
many hybrids and esoteric styles. The two most popular styles were Tudor
and mock-Gothic. These styles were popular during the 1825 and 1900's.
Many of the homes that were built during this time are very
inconvenient to live in. They are also very large in size and most of
them were built of stone. The buildings were often filled with amazing
decorations and Elaborate details.
Another popular
style of architecture former to the Victorian era was the Greek
revival. This style was used almost exclusively for public buildings
where simplicity and dignity were considered the most important
attributes. By the 1840s the Greek style was no longer fashionable for a
private home. Its popularity had slightly decreased around the time
when Victoria
became Queen. Many early cottages were built as summer residences only,
with no insulation, yet the fundamental surfaces were of solid
construction. Architects and builders often submitted exchange designs
for a house where the floor plans were equal, and only the facades
varied. But when frame construction came along, houses were built
quickly and elaborate details were added later. Many early homes had
neither kitchens nor bathrooms. As is typical of these early homes,
additions often house the kitchens and baths.
Most of the early homes, especially those built in England,
were built of stone, and improved with attractive "stone tracery". The
number of full-blown Gothic stone mansions was never large. Only the
wealthy could afford such homes which required the labors of highly
skilled stone carvers. The costly Gothic style was eventually translated
into wood and thousands of "Carpenter Gothic" houses still stand.
When gothic came to America
and was translated to "Carpenter Gothic", the stone tracery was
replaced by wooden Gingerbread. The complex wooden detail is considered a
folk art. Each carpenter had his own ideas and employed his own
fantastic designs. Victorian structures were fairly simple in style,
while those built after the Civil War became more complicated. They
combined styles as they saw fit. The end result was often a eye-catching
visual effect. The building styles of post-Civil War America
were elaborate and showy, very much fueled by new industrial society.
These are now collectively called "Victorian", which meant that the
architecture was made up of several main styles. These include Second Empire, Queen Anne, Romanesque Revival, Richardsonian Romanesque, shingle style, Renaissance Revival, and Eclectic style.
One of the styles of architecture is called Second Empire homes. This particular style of architecture was created during the 1870s in St. Louis.
Second Empire Homes include a thin stone structure in the front area of
the home and a mansard roof, which is a roof with sloping ends. Most of
the roofs contain a window and slate shingles. Another style is the Romanesque Revival Style.
This type of home is made of red brick. It includes many arches in the
detail of the home. The arches are included in many parts of the house,
such as windows, doors, and the bed molding. The third style is the Queen Anne. This style became popular in England
around the 1880s and is used with a frame construction. It is made of
very decorative brick. There is a variety of this brick around the
windows and at the roof line. Another style is Richardsonian Romanesque, which was named for an important architect,
Henry Hobson Richardson. Like the Romanesque homes, these houses have
many large arches. On some of these types of houses there are round
arches and circular towers. A shingle style
house is represented by the wood shingles on the outside of the
house/building. It is usually a two-story home with a pitched roof.
Another interesting style is the Renaissance Revival style
home. This particular style was introduced near the end of the 19th
century. Renaissance style homes have three-stories and have an
interesting molding around each window. The last style building is
called the Eclectic style.
The lower part of this house was made of Roman brick, that consisted of
an arch entry way. There were a variety of different types of
architecture and many of these styles still exist today. Back then, the
buildings were so detailed and the architects brought so much time into
their work.
Charles Berry was the creater of the Highclere Castle, Hampsire
Works Consulted
Victorian Architecture
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